Spanish Study Guide - 9A (1B)
Vocab
Las joyas - jewlery
Los anillos - rings
Los aretes - earrings
Las pulseras - bracelets
El collar - necklace
Los bolsos - purses
Las billeteras - wallets
El cinturón - belt
El perfume - perfume
Las bufandas - scarves
Los pañuelos - handkerchiefs
El paraguas - umbrella
Bueno - good
Bonito - pretty
Barato - cheap
Caro - expensive
Corta - small
Demasiado - too
Larga - large
La escalera mecánica - escalator
El ascensor - elevator
Plata - silver
Oro - gold
Perlas - pearls
Cuero - leather
El dependiente - salesclerk
La caja - cash register
Las ofertas - offers/deals
Pagar en efectivo - to pay cash
El cambio - change
El regalo - present
El recibo - receipt
El tamaño - size
La calidad - quality
El crédito - credit
El efectivo - cash
La tarjeta (de crédito) - (credit) card
Grammar - Diminutives
They are used to show affection, or say something is younger/smaller
To form diminutives replace the final vowel of a noun with: -ito, -ita, -itos, or -itas
Based on gender and number
Perro - Perrito
Some words require a spelling change
poco - poquito
Nouns ending in consonants change the endings to: -cito, -cita, -citos, -citas
collar - collarcito
In different countries another diminutives are: -illo, -illa, -uelo, -uela, -ico, -ica
There are many exceptions, a few common ones are: hotelito - hotel, and Danielito - Daniel
Verbs - leer, oír, ver, decir, hacer, tener
The verbs below are irregular verbs in the preterite tense
leer/oír change in the él, ella, Ud./ellos, ellas, Uds.
leer
oír
The preterite of ver uses regular -er ending but it doesn't use accents
ver
Decir, hacer, and tener all have irregular endings
decir
hacer
tener
ir + ser
ir + er (regular Verbs)
regular -ar verbs
Using Prepositions
Prepositions are used to add an emphasis or clarity. The following prepositional pronouns may also be used with other prepositions
Prepositions in blue highlights
Exceptions (when con is preposition): conmigo - with me; contigo - with you
Sin - without
En - on/in/by
Por - by/ because of/ for
It is for cause, length of time, in favor of, frequency, in exchange for, through, gratitude, means of doing something. (When using for)
Viajamos en coche por ocho horas - We traveled by car for 8 hours.
Para - for
Purpose, effect, recipient, future, employment, comparison, towards (when using for vs when por uses for)
Salgo para Barcelona mañana. - I’m leaving for Barcelona tomorrow.
De - of
Culture: Ecuador’s Products:
Unique Islands in the World:
Panama Hat:
The Otavalo Market:
How to Buy in the Markets of Ecuador:
Can You Smell the Orchids?:
The Art Corner:
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